Construction method
In the FTTX project, the use of leather cable is large-scale, mainly adopting two connection methods: one is cold-bonding technology (physical connection), and the other is
hot-melting technology using fusion machine as tool.
Cold junction technology
Cold junction technology: The fiber cold connector is used when two pigtails are docked. The main component inside is a precision v-groove. After the two pigtails are used,
the cold connectors are used to realize the docking of the two pigtails. It is simpler and faster to operate, and saves time compared to welding with a fusion splicer.
On the surface, the cold-connecting operation is simple and fast, and it saves time compared with the fusion splicer. However, the cold-connecting technology is mainly
applied to emergency applications after the cable communication is interrupted.
Cold junction technology has obvious drawbacks:
(1) The cold junction loss is large. Due to the physical connection, the two fibers are completely connected by the V-groove and the matching liquid, and the loss is obviously
greater than the hot-melt connection point. In the FTTX project, although there are no strict requirements for the loss of the line, the large loss point is a potential point of
failure.
(2) Short service life and high maintenance cost. In the cold junction technique, the role of the matching solution is important. Referring to the statistics of the operator’s
customers, the imported matching liquid will have a life expectancy of about 3 years, while the domestic matching solution has a life expectancy of only 1.5 to 2 years. This
increases the cost of maintenance. Moreover, the cost of a cold joint is generally around 30 to 50 yuan (removable and reusable, but the accuracy of reuse after disassembly is
greatly reduced, so the cold joint is nominally repeatable, actually during the construction process. Used only once), the actual use and maintenance costs are high.
Hot melt technology
1. The welding loss is small. The two fibers are hot melted and welded according to the mainline standard, which greatly reduces the splice loss.
2. Long service life and low maintenance cost. Since the hot melt standard is required according to the main line construction, the life of the general welded joint will be
similar to the life of the ordinary optical cable, and there is no problem of the life of a single point.
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